Applying wood filler Choose a filler that is compatible with the ingredients and color of the finish you will be applying, Use a putty knife to work the filler into the hole and overfill it slightly, then scrape off the excess to level it with the surrounding surface. Avoid spreading filler onto undamaged areas, where [...]

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1. Making a pad Take a piece of wool roughly 3 inches square and fold the corners toward the center, stretching the wool with each fold. Then squeeze the wool pad into an oval and add a few drops of 2.5- to 3.5 pound-cut shellac. Disperse the shellac throughout the wool by crumpling the pad [...]

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1.Taping down the stencil To help align the stencil precisely, draw a reference line centered along each side of both the workpiece and the stencil. Then secure the stencil to the workpiece with masking tape, making sure the reference lines match up properly. 2. Applying the paint Transfer the stencil design to your workpiece by [...]

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1, Applying the lubricant Dip the tips of your fingers in a bowl of the lubricant and sprinkle several drops on the surface to be rubbed out. Wear rubber gloves if you are using oil as a lubricant. 2, Abrading the surface Shake a little pumice onto the surface, then begin lightly abrading the surface [...]

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1. Preparing and applying the glaze Tint a container of flat oil-based paint with artists’ colors so that it matches the hue of the wood you wish to imitate. Spread a layer of the paint on your workpiece as a base coat and allow it to dry. Then apply a graining glaze on the painted [...]

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1. Sketching broad veins For a green marble finish. spread a base coat of green paint and then a glaze tinted a lighter color on your workpiece. Dip a bird feather into the glaze and draw it diagonally across the surface to produce broad marble-like veins. Smooth and soften the pattern by brushing the veins [...]

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Smoothing the contours of a piece of molding evenly without damaging its contours is a difficult task with only sandpaper or a conventional sanding block. However, you can use a short sample of the molding to shape your own sanding block that corresponds exactly to the surface of the workpiece. Fashioning the block requires body [...]

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Sanding is the final stage in smoothing a piece of furniture and is also indispensable in eliminating any blemishes left by planes and scrapers. Both tools sometimes leave marks and ridges on wood surfaces. They can also compress wood fibers and close the pores in the wood, inhibiting its capacity to properly accept a finish. [...]

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Oiling the turning Set the lathe to a slow speed to prevent the oil from splashing. Apply some oil to a soft cotton cloth and rub it into the spinning wood from underneath; make sure the cloth is not wrapped around your fingers. Let the turning dry, and repeat the as many times as needed [...]

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Choosing the best way to smooth a wood surface is a matter of individual preference. There are no ordained steps or prescribed rules. Some woodworkers plane and then sand; others plane and scrape before sanding.  Whichever sequence you decide to follow, the object is to produce a surface that is as smooth as glass [...]

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